Thursday, August 27, 2020

West Wales Veteran's Archive - Idris Jones' Story

In the winter of 1943, a violent snowstorm shook the hills above Tregaron. Flashes of lightning illuminated the sky and loud thunderclaps could be heard throughout the night. By morning, however, it became clear that it was not just thunder and lightning that the people of Tregaron had heard. Amidst the storm, an aircraft had dropped bombs in the nearby hills.

Idris Jones grew up on his parents’ sheep farm, near the hill where the bombs fell. He vividly remembers officials from the Air Ministry coming to the house that morning and being guided to two enormous craters by his father. Each of these craters, created by the dramatic impact of bombs hitting the ground, was the size of a detached house.

Idris remembers that the officials were very secretive about their findings. He believes that the bombs were dropped by an aircraft trying to lose weight quickly to avoid crashing into the hills but, to this day, he doesn’t know if they were dropped by an allied or enemy aircraft. What he does know, however, is that if the bombs had been dropped just four seconds earlier, the farm would have been blown up – and his family along with it.

This was not, however, the only aircraft which experienced difficulty in the area during World War Two. Idris also recalls watching from his school as an RAF training aircraft flew low over the building with its wheels down and circled the area, looking for somewhere to land. He and the other children watched as the plane disappeared behind the school and ran to the spot where it went down. The aircraft had crash-landed with its undercarriage in the air and slid along the ground, ploughing the field as it went but, fortunately, the pilot escaped unscathed.

He also remembers that the area around Tregaron was used as a training base for the British Army in the run-up to D-Day. He specifically remembers General Wavell staying in the Talbot Hotel while he was in command of the troops and that the square was, at times, packed with tanks. Moving these could, however, be a dangerous affair and Idris remembers that members of the crews were sometimes injured or killed by tanks as they lay sleeping beside the road.

Tregaron town centre during World War Two, courtesy of Will Troughton, NLW

Undeterred by these early experiences, he went on to join the military himself in 1950, enlisting in the Royal Air Force at the age of seventeen and qualifying as an armoured mechanic. He was posted to 245 Squadron, based at West Raynham and Horsham St Faith where he worked on the guns on the squadron’s jet fighters and assisted in rescue efforts following the North Sea Flood of 1953.

Idris left the RAF in 1955 but remained on the reserve list for another ten years. He returned to Ceredigion where he worked for Dowty Rotol as an engineer – making parts for planes like the ones he had worked on in the RAF – until their Llanbadarn factory closed in the early 1980s. He then worked as the school caretaker in Tregaron until his retirement. 

But his is just one of the stories held by the West Wales Veterans’ Archive.

The WWVA was established to collect accounts of military service from veterans, aged 65+ and living in Ceredigion, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire. It is designed to be a valuable, authoritative and sustainable learning resource for schools and independent researchers, among others. In addition, the project seeks to train veterans in collecting oral histories and conducting social history research. The archive is managed by Age Cymru Dyfed and supported by a grant from the Armed Forces Covenant Fund Trust.

If you are a veteran of the Armed Forces and would like to contribute your story of military service or volunteer to interview other veterans about their experiences, please contact Hugh Morgan (email: hugh.morgan@agecymrudyfed.org.uk; phone: 01970 615151).







Wednesday, August 12, 2020

#VJday75

15th August marks the 75th Anniversary of Victory over Japan Day and the end of World War II.

My Great Grandfather Richard George Read served in the Royal Horse Artillery and Royal Artillery for thirty-two years between 1914 to 1946, during World War I and II. During World War II, his Regiment, the 118th Field Regiment, was shipped to Singapore and disembarked just days before the surrender to invading Japanese forces on 15th February 1942, beginning nearly three and a half years as a prisoner of war in the infamous Changi POW camp.

Here is photo from his archive. This propaganda photo shows a 'work party' of nine Allied prisoners of war and their three Japanese Guards, most likely in the Bukit Timah area of Singapore and probably taken late in 1942 (though 'Mar '44' is written on the back). These work parties were used by the Japanese as a form of slave labour during the war. This particular photo was most likely used to illustrate to the outside world how well they treated prisoners, a far cry from the reality of their true treatment.

My Great Grandfather suffered from many tropical diseases. The Japanese provided no medical treatment to the prisoners, leaving them to look after themselves. They also gave minimal food rations to prisoners; my Great Grandfather was 12st 10lbs at the start of his incarceration, but due to illness and malnutrition this reduced to 7st 10lbs by the summer of 1945, that’s a 40% reduction.

After the War ended, he and many others who were seriously ill were taken to hospitals to recover and put on weight. My Great Grandfather spent time recuperating in India, before returning home to his family in Aberystwyth in December 1945. Sadly he never really recovered and died in September 1946. He is commemorated on the Llanbadarn Fawr War Memorial near Aberystwyth.

Simon Burgess

Author's website : http://www.richardgeorgeread.com

 

Thursday, August 6, 2020

CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS!

As the Covid-19 lockdown gradually eases, our project is slowly getting under way! We are looking for volunteers to help us tell the story of life in Aberystwyth during the Second World War and also to record the memories of those who lived during that time.  The snippits below show only a glimpse of the topics to be researched and posted on this blog over the next year, and there are many more stories to be told, eg, the arrival and experience of evacuees, law and order, shops, rationing and the 'Black Market', conscientious objectors, women, children and families, students life, and much much more. 

So if you'd like to participate in our project, please get in touch with me at kas@aber.ac.uk.

Armed forces 
Some soldiers and airmen were trained in Aberystwyth, eg, the no 6 Initial Training Wing of the RAF and the 22nd Training Regiment of the Royal Artillery. They slept in many of the hotels, like the Belle Vue and the Queen's Hotel, and in boarding houses. The Old College and Assembly rooms were utilized for offices and training. Some injured soldiers, sailors and pilots were cared for in Aberystwyth and arond. 3,000 troops from the British Expeditionary force were billeted here after Dunkirk.

Shortages
There was a general shortage of food, petrol, and other materials but Ceredigion may have been better off than many other towns since so much food was produced here and fish could be caught in the sea.

Fundraising
There were various events to raise more money for the war effort. These included concerts and other entertainments and collection of scrap materials.

Entertainment
The Coliseum Cinema (where Ceredigion Museum is now housed) was closed on the first day of the war because it was a Sunday, and all cinemas in Britain were closed the following day. The Pier cinema was opened on the third day of war and was said to be the only one open in the whole country. The Coliseum reopened on the fourth day of war and remained open every day but Sundays. It showed some war films and news reels but mostly funny, romantic or exciting films, to help people forget about the war.

The Women's Voluntary Service
The W.V.S. was formed in June 1938. Although their task was to recruit and train women for various ARP duties, the W.V.S. took on all sorts of jobs which did not fall into the remit of other services. Early examples included the evacuation of children, making medical supplies, pyjamas, nursing gowns and bandages.

Civil defence 
This included: two pill boxes of concrete at the mouth of the harbour (one survives; a bomb shelter built in North Parade; two radar masts on Constitution Hill (for detecting low flying aircraft); a direction finding tower built in Cwm Woods; a rifle range and clay pigeon range on Pen y Angor (to practice shooting); the Old College Council chamber was half filled with museum display cases, and the remainder used to teach RAF personnel and there was a signals room and Air Raid post elsewhere in the building; the Parish Hall was an Air Raid Post.

Home Guard
On 14th of May 1940, Anthony Eden broadcast an appeal for volunteers for a Defence Force to protect the country from an invasion, which at the time seemed a forgone conclusion.  In Aberystwyth, at the obligatory proficiency tests, the examining staff were astonished at the numbers of men who turned up. Volunteers arrived at the Police Station in Great Darkgate Street and filed up in line to draw rifles from a cell where they were kept. These were S.T.C. (Student Training Corps) rifles (as there were no students in residence), a few Ross rifles loaned by the police, and a few shotguns. The only available uniform was denim but some volunteers had just an overcoat and a cap.

‘The secret Cave’
Shortly after the outbreak of war, many of Britain's national treasures were removed to storage in Aberystwyth in order to keep them safe from German attack.  These allegedly included original copies of Shakespeare’s works, paintings by Michelangelo, Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci, the Crown Jewels and the Magna Carta. This 'treasure trove' was located in a specially-built underground chamber near the National Library of Wales.

More information can be found on Ceredigion County Council's Museum Collection page: 


From "Refugees" to "Enemy Aliens" ~ Part Six

  Germans, Austrians and Czechs at Pantgwyn and in the Domestic Services in Aberystwyth and the surrounding areas during the Second World Wa...